Encased abrasive element



Dec. 9, 1941. J. E. KLINE 2,265,377

ENcAsED ABRASIV'E4 ELEMENT Filed May 22, I1959 2 sheet's-sheet 1 Mmmm [NVEN TOfR TORNE Ys.

Patented Dec. 9, 1941 ENCASEDABRASIVE ELEMENT i John E. Kline, GrossePointe Farms, Mich., as

signor to Micromatic Hone Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation ofMichigan Application May 22, 1939, Serial No. 274,889/ i 2 ('Jlaims'.(Cl. Y

' by a method which is simple and- `economical My invention relates tohoning elements and methods, and particularly to the abrading stonesthereof which are Ireinforced and supported by a metal sheath securedthereon in a new and novel manner.

Heretofore, the abrading elements, such as honing'sticks for tools, hadthe base portion thereof encased in a holder to provide a support for4the resulting unit structure.y In some instances, the holders weremachined from bar stock to provide a channel recess into which the stonewas bonded by Babbitt or like metal which wedged the stone within thechannel. In other instances, metal stampings of channel shape wereformed to which the abrading element was secured by a glue-like,substance. In other instances, holders were constructed having clamps ofapplication. A ,l

Other objects and features of novelty of my invention will be eitherspecifically pointed out' or will become apparent when referring; for a.better understanding of my invention, to the following 'descriptiontaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure 41 is a broken sectional view of a honing head illustratingan'abrading stone embodying features of my invention;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of structure illustrated in Figure 1, takenon vthe line 2-2 therewhich secured the stone by pressure applied by theclamp. were provided which mated with dovetailed slots in holders forretaining the stones in fixed relation therewith. y

In practicing one phase of my present invention, I bond a metal sheathontol the stone by employing aprocess which provides an intimatephysical bond of metal with the abrading material; 'Ihis is accomplishedby a spray, a plating, or other similar method which applies particlesof metal to the surface of a stone and builds up such particles to forma sheath of substantial strength. The sheath thus formed on the abradingstone provides material strength thereto and at'the same time producesavsurface to which elements may be attached by soldering, brazing,welding, or the like. Inanother phase, the sheath isstamped from metaland formed to encompass all but the working face of abrading element andsecurelyv connected thereto. i

Accordingly, the main objects of my invention are: to provide'anabrading stone with a sheath of metal intimately bonded thereto; tobuild up a. sheath on abrading stones by applying a plurality of metalparticles to the stone and to each other to form a solid surface ofmetal;

' to provide a method of forming a sheath of metal on an abrading stonewhich employs a plating process; to provide a metal sheath intimatelyadhered to an abrading stone by a metal spraying process; to form anabrading element by providing an intimate metal sheath on an abrading Instill other instances, dovetails vshowing a further assume; f Fig. 7 isa sectional view of structure illustrated inFig. 6, taken on Figure 3 isan enlarged perspective view of an abrading element,\.simila`r to thatillustrated in the tool of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a sectional view of an abrading tool, similar to thatillustrated in Figurel, show.- ing a modified form thereof; and l Fig. 5is an enlarged .perspective view of van abrading stone illustrated inthe tool of-Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a perspective view of an abrading element,similar to'- that illustrated invFig. 3,

the line 1-1 thereof; Fig. 8 is an exploded view of the abrasive stoneand supporting casing illustrated in Fig, 6;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of an abradingelement showing la stillfurther/form which my invention may assume; t

Fig. V10 is a sectional view of thev structure illustrated in Fig. 9,ltaken thereof; andv e p j l Y Fig. 11 is an'exploded view of theabrasive stone and casing illustrated in combination in Fig. 9.

Abrading elements, such as honing sticks for expandable types of honingbodies, have` had their base portion supported in a retaining element bythe application of Babbitt, cements,

' and the like. The ends and sides of the abradan abrasive stone willwithstand material com# A stone and soldering, brazing, welding orotherwise securing appendages thereto which cooperate with its supporton a tool; and in general to provide an intimate sheath on an abradingstone ing elements were unsupported and when. such elements wereemployed, as in av honing opera-i tion for a cylinder, the leading edgeof the stone was subjected to a force in compression while the trailingedge was subjected to a tension strain. As is well known in the abrasiveindustry,

pression pressure whilev on the other hand, such 'I 'elements are veryweak when subjected to a tensional strain. As a result, the trading edgeof abrasive sticks, such as' those employed in a form which my inventionmay .on the line Ill-I0' project within rod I is axially movable withingages the sloping surfaces I'I of 1 stones II.

bodying an abrading stick 1 and s'ides a metal sheath i particlesaccumulated thereonl by metal spraying,

intimate adhesion of the :.,with the particles of the abrading stick andwith eachother. With my process, any thickness ofl honing tool, crumbledvery rapidly, decreasing the width of the stick and finally rendering itunsuitable for an abrasive operation.

l'I'he present invention contemplates encasing the entire abrasiveelement in a metal sheath of sufllcientfthickness to provide strengthand support to the abrasive edges, particularly the` trailing edge whichis subjected to the tensional strain. The'material vof the sheath ispreferablymade of non-ferrous material which is relaa and'24 thereon.

ing a body portion 2| through which a push rod 22 is axially movablehaving a pair of cones 23 -The cones operate pins 25 which projectthrough the wall of the bodyZI and contact the abrading elements 26. Theelements .25, as illustrated in Fig. 5, embody anv abrading stick 21having a sheath of metal 28 thereon provided inthe manner aboveoutlined. The elements 29 are soldered, brazed, or welded to the underside tively soft, or avery soft ferrous material could be utilized. Suchmaterial will be abraded away without marring the cylinder wall as -thesurface of the abrasive stick wears. 'Ihe edge of the sheath, being inintimate contact with the wall; functions as a wiper to prevent anyabrasive material from being picked up by the abra` sive stick, winchwould produce heavy scratch marks in the faceof the cylindrical surface.When such a sheath is built up on the stone by 'a' spraying,electroplating, or like operation. a

satisfactory bond is provided between the sheath and stone to producethe desired support. *When the sheath'isformed from a sheet of metalbent to predetermined form, a suitable'cement provides the bond betweenthe sheath and abrasive stone which produ'ces the necessaryl support.

to the stone edges. into the shape of a compassing the ston The sheathmay be -formed rectangular casing for ensupporting ends as well aspositioning projections the casing fixed a radially movable shoe of a'Referring to Fig. 1, an abrading end of a honing tool is illustratedembodying a body portion I0 and such casing may-be' lprovided withprojecting employed for retaining 1 y spiders 34 on the body.

of the sheath ofr the stick having hooked ends 3| in which gartersprings 32 may be disposed to provide inward bias to the abradingelements. 'I'he elements 29 may embody side projecting portions 33 whichposition the stones on the body against longitudinal 'movement relativeto slotted In Figs. 6, '7, and 8, I have illustrated a sheathed stone3'I, similar in appearance to that of Fig. 3, vwith the'exceptionthatthe sheath 38 thereof is a separate element as illustrated in Fig. 8.'I'he sides 39 of the sheath are bent inwardly to provide end portions4I lwhich when folded encompass the end face of the abrasive stone I8. Acement 42 binds the stone I8 to the sheath 38 on all but its top exposedface. The edges of the sheath are dressed to be in the arcuate plane ofthe face andare preferably made of material much softer than thematerialof the element having its surface machined.

, In Figs. 9 and 10, and 1l, a similar abrasive element 44 isillustrated having the sheath 45 thereof formed with the side walls 46bent inwrdly at the ends at '41 to encompass the side and end faces ofthe abrasive element 2'I. The base 48 of the sheath 44 is extended atthe ends and formed into the hooks ..49 which receive the havingdiametrically disposed slots I I therein and internally aligned channelsI2. Abrading stones dI3 project through'they slots I2 and are biasedinwardly by a spring strip I4, the ends of which the channels I2. Anadjusting the body I0 I6. which enthe abrading and provided withl atapered end -The movement of the adjusting-rod I5 to the spring I.4 tomove the -stones In Fig. 3, I have illustrated a stone I3 as em- I 9composed of metal electroplating, or other similar processes. An

metal particles occurs sheath may be formed on the abrading stick withpreventstoo rapid stone. 'I'he sheath welded, or otherwise secured tothe sheath to provide the necessary appendages.

. .In'Fig. 1, I have illustrated the spring I4 which V may be wireorvstrap material secured to the rear surface of the sheath of theabrasive elements I3 to have the ends project therefrom for the purposeof biasing the abrasiveA elements toward thetool vbody axis.

` Inl Fig.,4, II have illustrated a similar tool hav- IB having on theback x of the stone to the 4s ends thereof.

outwardly 1 plating, spraying, or similar of a separately ture,

garter springs of the tool as illustrated in Fig. 4 for supporting thestone on the tool body. The base .48 is further provided with projectingpor'- tions 5I by which the sheathl and stone is re, tained againstlongitudinal movement in a radially movable element of the tool body. Acement 4 2 likewise bonds all but the exposed face While I haveillustrated a method of sheathing abrasives when applied to abrading'sticks for .honing tools, it is ,to be understood that ythe inventionis not intended to be so limited. The application of particles of metalon the abrasive surface of any element, which multiply on each other toform a solid sheath andthe bonding formed sheath to an labrading stoneto strengthen the resulting abrading struccomes within the purview of myinvention. The metal which is employed in the spraying, electroplating,or similar processes, and the sheet vmaterial is preferably soft, suchas copper, brass,

silver, and the like, which wears away during an. abrading operationwithout scratching or marring the surface being operated upon by thetool. In other words, the side walls of the abrading elements wea@ away-as the abrading operations progress so that the strength provided to.-

the stoneis maintained throughout the stone life. The sheath .preventsthe crumbling of the edges and the weakening of the stones as occuredwhen such edges were unsupported. After the electromethod has producedthe predetermined thickness of metal to the sheath, its surface ispreferably burnished or otherwise machined to provide a smooth nish anda predetermined dimension tothe resulting, abrading element. Thebuilt-up sheath thus provided may be supported by the wall yof the tooll' or appendages may be soldered, brazed, welded,

sheath at the sides, lbase, and

or otherwise secured thereto by which the abrading element is retainedin the device and actuated. Similarly, the sheath constructed from thesheet material may be formed to embody the necessary appendages. I

While I have described and illustrated but two embodiments of myinvention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variouschanges, omissions, additions, and substitutions may be made thereinwithout departing from the spirit yand scope of my invention,'a s setforth in the accompanying claims.

I claim as my invention :v

1. In a honing tool .having longitudinally extending abrasive stones, .acam element for moving said stones radially, each of said stones havinga relatively soft sheet metal sheath enclosing said stones and overlyingthe entire surface thereof except the longitudinally extending work--ing working face, the metal on the side opposite the said working facebeing directly engaged by honed.

said camI and the edge of the metal at the sides intersecting theworking face being flush therewith and adapted to engage the surface tobe JOHN E. KLINE.

